Article 3721. Initiation of Review of the Legality, Validity and Fairness of a Judicial Act

A review of the legality, validity, and fairness of a judicial act shall be initiated:

1) on the basis of an appellate complaint or protest against a judgment of the court of first instance that has not entered into legal force;

2) on the basis of a private complaint or protest against a ruling of the court of first instance that has not entered into legal force;

3) on the basis of a cassation complaint or protest against a judgment of the court of first instance that has entered into legal force;

4) on the basis of a private complaint or protest against a ruling of the court of first instance that has entered into legal force;

5) on the basis of a supervisory complaint or protest against a judgment, ruling, or decision of the court of first instance reviewed in the appellate or cassation procedure, as well as against a ruling or decision of the appellate or cassation instance court reviewing such judicial acts, or of the relevant supervisory instance court.