Article 3722. Grounds for Annulment or Modification of a Judicial Act

A judicial act may be annulled or modified in appellate, cassation, or supervisory procedure on the following grounds:

1) failure to fully establish facts significant for the case;

2) unproven nature of the facts considered as established by the court and significant for the case;

3) inconsistency of the conclusions stated in the judicial act with the factual circumstances of the case;

4) failure by the court to render a judicial act on a stated claim;

5) violation or incorrect application of substantive or procedural law.

A judgment, ruling, or decision that is substantively correct shall not be annulled solely for formal reasons.

Failure to resolve or incorrect resolution of the issue regarding allocation of court expenses shall not constitute grounds for annulment or modification of the judgment. In such cases, the operative part of the ruling shall indicate allocation of court expenses in accordance with Articles 138–141 of this Code.