Article 247. Cassation Appeal (Protest) Against a Ruling or Decision of the Court of First Instance

A ruling or decision of the court of first instance that has not been reviewed by the appellate instance may be appealed (protested) in cassation in cases provided for by this Code.

A cassation appeal (protest) filed under the rules established by this Code against a ruling or decision of the court of first instance shall be reviewed by the cassation instance court in the manner provided in this chapter for cassation appeals (protests) against court decisions.

Based on the results of reviewing a cassation appeal (protest) against a ruling or decision of the court of first instance, the cassation instance court shall be entitled to:

1) leave the ruling or decision unchanged and the appeal (protest) unsatisfied;

2) amend or annul the ruling or decision in full or in part and resolve the matter on its merits;

3) annul the ruling on rejection of the application (complaint), return of the application (complaint), suspension or termination of proceedings, or leaving the application (complaint) without consideration, and refer the application (complaint) or the case back to the court of first instance for consideration;

4) annul the ruling and refer the application (complaint) or the case to another court according to jurisdiction.