Article 220. Grounds for Amending or Canceling a Decision

The grounds for amending or canceling a decision shall be:

1) incomplete clarification of the circumstances relevant to the case;

2) lack of evidence of circumstances relevant to the case, which the court considered established;

3) inconsistency of the conclusions set out in the decision with the circumstances of the case;

4) violation or incorrect application of the norms of substantive and (or) procedural law.

Violation or misapplication of the norms of substantive law shall be deemed to be:

1) non-application of the law or other act of legislation that had to be applied;

2) application of a law or other act of legislation that is not subject to application;

3) misinterpretation of a law or other act of legislation.

Violation or incorrect application of the norms of procedural law shall be the basis for amending or canceling the decision of the court of first instance, if this has led or could have led to the adoption of an incorrect decision.

A court's judgment may be annulled in the following cases:

1) if the rule on the language of proceedings was violated during the hearing of the case;

2) if the court hearing transcript was not signed, or was signed by persons other than those specified in part two of Article 176 of this Code, or, in case the hearing was audio- or video-recorded, the electronic or other media containing the audio and video recordings were not attached to the court transcript;

3) if the rule on the confidentiality of judicial deliberation was violated.

The violation or incorrect application of the following procedural legal norms shall in any case be grounds for the annulment of a judgment of the court of first instance:

1) the case was considered by an unlawfully composed court;

2) the case was heard in the absence of any participant who had not been duly notified of the time and place of the court session;

3) a judgment was rendered affecting the rights and obligations of persons who were not involved in the case;

4) the judgment was not signed by the judge or, if the case was heard by a panel of judges, by one of the judges, or it was signed by judges other than those listed in the judgment;