Article 48. Third parties who do not declare independent demands to the subject of the dispute

Third parties who do not declare independent demands to the subject of the dispute may enter the case on the side of the plaintiff or the respondent prior to adoption of the judgment of first instance court, if judgment can affect their rights or duties in relation to one of the parties. They may be attracted for participation in the case also upon the request of the party or on the initiative of the court.

The third parties who do not declare their independent demands to the subject of the dispute enjoy the procedural rights and execute the procedural duties of the party, with the exception of the rights to change the grounds or the subject of the claim, increase or decrease the size of the stated claims, abandon the claim, admit the claim or conclusion of an amicable or mediation agreement, present a counterclaim, and demand enforced execution of the judicial act.

Rulings shall be made on the attraction for participation in the case of the third parties who do not declare their independent demands to the subject of the dispute or on their refusal thereof.

If the third party who does not declare independent demands to the subject of the dispute has entered the case after the beginning of the proceedings, the consideration of the case shall be performed from the beginning.