Article 12. Co-authorship

The copyright in a work created by joint creative labor of two or more persons shall belong to the co-authors all together regardless of whether such a work forms a single indivisible whole or consists of parts, each of which also has an independent value.

A part of a work shall be recognized as having an independent value, if it may be used independently of the other parts of this work.

Each of the co-authors shall be entitled to use the part of the work created by him/her and having independent value at his/her own discretion, unless otherwise stipulated by the agreement between them.

The relations between co-authors shall — as a rule — be determined on the basis of the agreement. In the absence of such an agreement, the copyright in a work shall be shared by all authors jointly, and the remuneration shall be distributed equally between them.

Should the work of co-authors form a single indivisible whole, none of the co-authors shall have the right to prohibit the use of the work without sufficient grounds.